What your child should master by the end of 1st Grade
By the end of 1st Grade, a child should add and subtract fluently within 20 and begin to understand place value: that two-digit numbers are made of tens and ones. Students move from counting one-by-one to using strategies like making ten and counting on, and they apply these to real situations.
Key learning topics:
Add and subtract within 20; know facts within 10 from memory
Understand place value for two-digit numbers (tens and ones); count to 120
Find 10 more or 10 less than a number mentally; add within 100
Compare two-digit numbers using the symbols >, =, and <
Solve word problems: adding to, taking from, and comparing
Measure lengths with units; tell time to the hour and half-hour
Partition shapes into halves and fourths
Proficiency looks like: a child who can solve a two-digit addition problem, explain that 34 means 3 tens and 4 ones, and quickly answer facts like 8 + 5.